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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of

Simple Current Shunt Amplifier Circuit Diagram

This is a Simple Current Shunt Amplifier Circuit Diagram. Current sense amplifiers (also called current shunt amplifiers) are special-purpose amplifiers that output a voltage proportional to the current flowing in a power rail. 

 Simple Current Shunt Amplifier Circuit Diagram


 Simple Current Shunt Amplifier Circuit Diagram


They utilize a "current-sense resistor" to convert the load current in the power rail to a small voltage, which is then amplified by the current-sense amplifiers.This circuit measures the power -supply current of a circuit without really having a current shunt resistor: R1 is only 3 em of #20 gauge copper wire. 

A length of the power distribution wiring can be used for Rl. The MAX420`s CMVR includes its own negative power supply; therefore, it can both be powered by and measure current in the ground line.

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