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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

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Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of
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Build a Hi-Low level Comparator Circuit Diagram

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Build a Hi-Low level Comparator Circuit Diagram, The voltage to be compared is fed through diode Dl and D2 to the voltage dividers Rl and R5 where the low and high limits are present. When the voltage level of an input signal exceeds the high threshold limit set with potentiometer Rl, the diode Dl becomes forward biased and the increased voltage on the inputs of the op amp drives it into positive saturation. Similarly, a decrease of the input voltage at the op amp inputs turns the op amp to positive saturation. Potentiometer R3 is used for zeroing the op amp in the off state.

Hi-Low level Comparator Circuit Diagram


Build a Hi-Low level Comparator Circuit Diagram

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