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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of

Simple Ground Tester Safety Circuit Diagram

Simple Ground Tester Safety Circuit Diagram. This circuit is very simple and easy safety ground tester circuit, This circuit checks the reliability of appliances so that the equipment may be used safely. The test circuit must be plugged into a properly wired three terminal wall outlet. 

When a two-lead or three-lead appliance is plugged into circuit outlet SOI, neon lamps NE1 and NE2 will light if the appliance is safe. If neon NE2 is lit the appliance is dangerous, because the neutral lead is 110 Vac above ground.

Simple Ground Tester Safety Circuit Diagram

Simple Ground Tester Safety Circuit Diagram

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