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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of

Simple Bug Detector Circuit Diagram

Simple Bug Detector Circuit Diagram. This circuit is a best security circuit diagram. This is a Simple Bug Detector Circuit Diagram, This rf detector can locate low-power transmitters (bugs) that are hidden from sight. It can sense the presence of a 1-mW transmitter at 20 feet. which is sensitive enough to detect the tiniest bug. As you bring the rf detector closer to the bug, more and more segments of its LED bar-graph display light, which aids in direction finding. 

Simple Bug Detector Circuit Diagram

Simple Bug Detector Circuit Diagram
 

The front end has a two-stage wide-band rf amplifier, and a forward-biased hot-carrier diode for a detector. After detection, the signal is filtered and fed to IC1, an LM3915N bar-graph driver having a logarithmic output. Each successive LED segment represents a 3-dB step.


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