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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of

Full Rail Excursions Line driver Circuit Diagram

Full Rail Excursions Line driver Circuit Diagram. This is a Line driver provides full rail excursions circuit diagram. The logic input is applied to opt-isolators Ul and U2 with, respectively, npn and pnp emitter follower outputs. Dc balance is adjusted by potentiometer R2. The emitter followers drive the gates of Ql and Q2, the complementary TMOS pairs. 

With a ±12 V supply, the swing at the common source output point is about 12 V peak-to-peak. By adding a ± 18-V boost circuit, as shown, the output swing can approach the rail swing. This circuit applies the output to transformer Tl, which is rectified by diode bridge D3, regulated by U3 and U4, and then applied to the collectors of Ul and U2. Diodes Dl and D2 are forward-biased when 12-V supplies are used, but they are back-biased when the 18-V boost is used.

Full Rail Excursions - Line driver Circuit Diagram


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