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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

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Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of
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Precision Buffered Reference Circuit Diagram

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The Precision Buffered Reference Circuit Diagram will provide 3 preset currents which will remain constant despite variations of ambient temperature or line voltage. ZDl produces-a temperature stable reference voltage which is applied to the non-inverting input of ICl. 100% feedback is applied from the output to the inverting input holding the voltage at Q2s emitter at the same potential as the non-inverting input. 

The current flowing into the load therefore is defined solely by the resistor selected by Si. With the values employed here, a preset current of 10 mA, 100 mA or 1 A can be selected. Q2 should be mounted on a suitable heats ink.

Precision Buffered Reference Circuit Diagram

Precision Buffered Reference Circuit Diagram

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