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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

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Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of
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Build a Programmable Power Supply Circuit Diagram

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Many systems require one or more relatively low-current voltage sources which can be programmed tna few predetermined levels. The circuit shown above produces positive output levels, but could be modified for negative or bipolar outputs. 

Q1 is the series regulator transistor, selected for the required current and power capability. R1, Q2, and Q3 form an optional short circuit protection circuit, with R1 chosen to drop about 0. 7 V at the maximum output current. The compensation capacitor, C, should be chosen to keep the overshoot, when switching, to an acceptable level.


Programmable Power Supply Circuit Diagram

Programmable Power Supply Circuit Diagram

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