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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of ...

Simple Battery-Temperature Sensing Nicad Charger

Simple Battery-Temperature Sensing Nicad Charger. Two simple circuits permit Nicad charging of a battery based on temperature differences between the battery pack and the ambient temperature. This method has the advantage of allowing fast charging because the circuit senses the temperature rise that occurs after charging is complete and the battery under charge is producing heat, not accumulating charge. 

 Battery-Temperature Sensing Nicad Charger Circuit Diagram


Battery-Temperature Sensing Nicad Charger

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