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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of

Inverter as High Voltage low Current Source Circuit Diagram

The Inverter as High Voltage low Current Source Circuit Diagram is capable of providing power for portable Geiger counters, dosimeter chargers, high resistance meters, etc. The 555 timer IC is used in its multivibrator mode, the frequency adjusted to optimize the transformer characteristics. 

When the output of the IC is high, current flows through the limiting resistor, the primary coil to charge C3. When the output is low, the current is reversed. With a suitable choice of frequency and C3, a good symmetric output is sustained.


 Inverter as High Voltage low Current Source Circuit Diagram


Inverter as High Voltage low Current Source Circuit Diagram

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