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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

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Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of
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Build a Low-pass filter Circuit Diagram

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This  Low-pass filter Circuit Diagram is useful where fast signal acquisition and high precision are required, as in electronic scales. The filter's time constant is set by the 2 ohm resistor and the 1 µ capacitor until comparator No. 1 switches. The time constant is then set by the 1.5 ohm resistor and the 1 jtF capacitor. Comparator No. 2 provides a quick reset. The circuit settles to a final value three times as fast as a simple 1.5 ohm—1 µ¥ filter, with almost no dc error. 

 Low-pass filter Circuit Diagram

Low-pass filter Circuit Diagram

 

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