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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

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Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of
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Build a high-volt supply Circuit Diagram

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A light dimmer, a 1 µf capacitor and a 12 V car ignition coil form the simple line powered HV generator. The current in the dimmer is shown in Fig. B. At times tp t2, set by the dimmer switch, the inner triac of the dimmer switches on, and a very high and very fast current pulse charges the capacitor through the primary of the induction coil. 

Then at a rate of 120 times per second for a 60 Hz line, a very high voltage pulse appears at the secondary of the coil. To obtain an HV dc output, use a voltage doubler. Dl and D2 are selenium rectifiers (TV 18 Siemens or ITT) used for the supply of television sets. High value output shock protection resistors, R, are recommended when suitable. 

 Build a high-volt supply Circuit Diagram

Build a high-volt supply Circuit Diagram

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