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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

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Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of
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Active band-reject filter Circuit

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A filter with a band-reject characteristic is frequently referred to as a notch filter. A typical circuit using a µ 741 is the unity-gain configuration for this type of active filter shown. The filter response curve shown is a second-order band-reject filter with a notch frequency of 3 kHz. The resulting Q of this filter is about 23, with a notch depth of - 31 dB.Although three passive networks are used in this application, the operational amplifier has become a sharply tuned low-frequency filter without the use of inductors or large-value capacitors.

 Active band-reject filter Circuit Diagram

Active band-reject filter Circuit Diagran

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