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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of

Two siren sound using IC555

Function of the Two Siren Sound Circuit that is using IC 555. Siren Circuit is separated into three parts: low frequency production. The manufacturing shrill frequency and annex of production low frequency is obtained from IC1 connected to astable multi vibrator circuit frequency is prearranged by R1, C2 frequencies with the purpose of are advent revealed of pin 3 is almost 1 Hz through R2 to subsist noble 5. of IC2, a division manufacture high-frequency input next to Pin 5 pray tone the origin of oscillator IC2 is the move of voltage from the output of IC1 frequency of IC2 is being set by R3, C3, which, if C3 help. will be alive very low tone if C3 is a lesser amount of treble The output preference suffer to podium out at home three legs of IC2 to stimulate B of Q1 to amplify signals to drive speakers.

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