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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

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Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of
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4 Channel Audio Mixer using LM381

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4 channel audio mixer using the LM381 IC low noise dual preamplifier. Each of the two amplifiers is completely independent lm381, with each internal power supply decoupler-regulator with 120 dB of rejection of the offer and 60 dB channel separation. Other features include high gain (112 dB), large output voltage swing (VCC b 2V) pp and wide power band width (75 kHz, 20 Vp-p).

High gain operational amplifier combines four individual input signals. The DC power supply should be well filtered, and the circuit must be protected to avoid picking up hum. If you need more audio inputs that can add more inputs by connecting another capacitor 1uF in series with a 500k pot to the network.

To supply the project audio mixer electronic circuit can use a DC power supply (or battery) that will provide an output voltage between 9 and 24 volts.

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