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High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier (Schematic and Layout) design for biomedical applications

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Instrumentation amplifiers are intended to be used whenever acquisition of a useful signal is difficult. IA’s must have extremely high input impedances because source impedances may be high and/or unbalanced. bias and offset currents are low and relatively stable so that the source impedance need not be constant. Balanced differential inputs are provided so that the signal source may be referenced to any reasonable level independent of the IA output load reference. Common mode rejection, a measure of input balance, is very high so that noise pickup and ground drops, characteristic of remote sensor applications, are minimized.Care is taken to provide high, well characterized stability of critical parameters under varying conditions, such as changing temperatures and supply voltages. Finally, all components that are critical to the performance of the IA are internal to the device. The precision of an IA is provided at the expense of flexibility. By committing to the one specific task of
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LED Thermometer for Temperature Measurement

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LED Thermometer – Temperature Measurement Circuit

Description

The circuit given here is a precision LED bar graph Fahrenheit thermometer,which can be used as a temperature measurement circuit, build around IC LM 34 (sensor) and IC LM 3914 (bar graph driver). The circuit can be modified to read in degree Celsius by replacing sensor LM 34 with LM 35. Both are inter changeable. The circuit operates of a volt power supply.
To calibrate the circuit, you will need a voltmeter. Power the circuit . Ground the negative lead of the volt meter and connect the positive lead to pins 6 and 7 of IC LM 3914. Adjust R7 so the meter reads 3.345V as possible. Now connect the positive lead of the meter to pin 4 of IC LM 3914 and change R5 until the meter reads 2.545V. Disconnect power to the circuit and remove both IC’s from their holders. Check the value of R3 with an ohmmeter and remember that value. Connect the ohmmeter across R1 and set R1 to a value of exactly 3 times the value of R3. Reconnect both IC’s and the circuit is ready. Here the circuit is designed for home use and reads between 60 to 80 degree F.
If pin 9 of IC LM 3914 is left disconnected the display will be in dot mode and R8 must be 100 Ohm. If pin 9 is connected to 9 V display will be in bar mode.
Parts list
Part.         Qty.  Description .
C1                1    1uF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
C2                1    10uF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
R1                1    2.2K 1/4W Resistor
R2,R5,R7    3    1K Trim Pot
R3                1    1K 1/4W Resistor
R4                1    1.5K 1/4W Resistor
R6                1    470 Ohm 1/4W Resistor
R8                1    100 Ohm Or 15 Ohm 1/4W Resistor (See Notes)
D1-D10       10    LED
U1                1    LM34DZ Precision Fahrenheit Temperature Sensor
U2                1    LM3914 Bar/Dot Graph Driver IC
MISC           1    Board, Wire, Socket For IC’s, Case

Temperature Measurement Circuit diagram.

 

LM 34/35 pin assignment

  Contributed by: http://www.circuitstoday.com

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